下载
从 mysql 官网下载相应版本的二进制包即可。本文以 mysql-5.7.22 为例，在官网下载页确认版本后下载即可。
非默认路径安装
- 修改 mysql.server
mysql 默认的安装路径都会/usr/local/mysql下,若想安装到其他路径，则需要对 support-files/mysql.server 文件进行修改,总共有 4 处需要修改。
修改参考 安装mysql
- 修改后内容
#!/bin/sh
# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind
# MySQL daemon start/stop script.
# Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based
# systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.
# When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is
# started and shut down when the systems goes down.
# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
# chkconfig: 2345 64 36
# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
# Comments to support LSB init script conventions
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mysql
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop MySQL
# Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
### END INIT INFO
# If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr/local/mysql, then you
# have to do one of the following things for this script to work:
#
# - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory
# - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information:
# [mysqld]
# basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory>
# - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)
# and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin
# - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable
# below.
#
# If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes
# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.
# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.
basedir=/Users/seekplum/packages/mysql
datadir=${basedir}/data
# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
# Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf.
# 0 means don't wait at all
# Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
service_startup_timeout=900
# Lock directory for RedHat / SuSE.
lockdir=${basedir}/lock
lock_file_path="$lockdir/mysql"
# The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.
# Set some defaults
mysqld_pid_file_path=$datadir/mydata/mysql.pid
if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=$basedir
bindir=$basedir/bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=$basedir/data
fi
sbindir=$basedir/bin
libexecdir=$basedir/bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi
# datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be
# *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
datadir_set=
#
# Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
#
lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
. $lsb_functions
else
log_success_msg()
{
echo " SUCCESS! $@"
}
log_failure_msg()
{
echo " ERROR! $@"
}
fi
PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin"
export PATH
mode=$1 # start or stop
[ $# -ge 1 ] && shift
other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action
# Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
# They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
# of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.
case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
*c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;;
*c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;;
*) echo_n= echo_c='\c' ;;
esac
parse_server_arguments() {
for arg do
case "$arg" in
--basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
;;
--datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
datadir_set=1
;;
--pid-file=*) mysqld_pid_file_path=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
--service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
esac
done
}
wait_for_pid () {
verb="$1" # created | removed
pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
pid_file_path="$3" # path to the PID file.
i=0
avoid_race_condition="by checking again"
while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do
case "$verb" in
'created')
# wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
test -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
;;
'removed')
# wait for this PID-file to disappear
test ! -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
;;
*)
echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed pid pid_file_path"
exit 1
;;
esac
# if server isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated
if test -n "$pid"; then
if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
: # the server still runs
else
# The server may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.
if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
avoid_race_condition=""
continue # Check again.
fi
# there's nothing that will affect the file.
log_failure_msg "The server quit without updating PID file ($pid_file_path)."
return 1 # not waiting any more.
fi
fi
echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
i=`expr $i + 1`
sleep 1
done
if test -z "$i" ; then
log_success_msg
return 0
else
log_failure_msg
return 1
fi
}
# Get arguments from the my.cnf file,
# the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
if test -x "$bindir/my_print_defaults"; then
print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"
else
# Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf
conf=$datadir/conf/my.cnf
print_defaults=
if test -r $conf
then
subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$'
dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf`
for d in $dirs
do
d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'`
if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
then
print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
break
fi
done
fi
# Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it
test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"
fi
#
# Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there
# check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
#
extra_args=""
if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"
fi
parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`
#
# Set pid file if not given
#
if test -z "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
then
mysqld_pid_file_path=$datadir/`hostname`.pid
else
case "$mysqld_pid_file_path" in
/* ) ;;
* ) mysqld_pid_file_path="$datadir/$mysqld_pid_file_path" ;;
esac
fi
case "$mode" in
'start')
# Start daemon
# Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
cd $basedir
echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
then
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
# may be overwritten at next upgrade.
# $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null &
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$datadir/conf/my.cnf --user=mysql >/dev/null &
wait_for_pid created "$!" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?
# Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -w "$lockdir"
then
touch "$lock_file_path"
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
fi
;;
'stop')
# Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
# root password.
if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
then
# signal mysqld_safe that it needs to stop
touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path.shutdown"
mysqld_pid=`cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"`
if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)
then
echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
kill $mysqld_pid
# mysqld should remove the pid file when it exits, so wait for it.
wait_for_pid removed "$mysqld_pid" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL server process #$mysqld_pid is not running!"
rm "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
fi
# Delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -f "$lock_file_path"
then
rm -f "$lock_file_path"
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL server PID file could not be found!"
fi
;;
'restart')
# Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
# running or not, start it again.
if $0 stop $other_args; then
$0 start $other_args
else
log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
exit 1
fi
;;
'reload'|'force-reload')
if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
exit 1
fi
;;
'status')
# First, check to see if pid file exists
if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then
log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 0
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
exit 1
fi
else
# Try to find appropriate mysqld process
mysqld_pid=`pgrep -d' ' -f $libexecdir/mysqld`
# test if multiple pids exist
pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`
if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then
log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 5
elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then
if test -f "$lock_file_path" ; then
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock file ($lock_file_path) exists"
exit 2
fi
log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
exit 3
else
log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
exit 4
fi
fi
;;
*)
# usage
basename=`basename "$0"`
echo "Usage: $basename {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
自动化安装脚本
- install_mysql.sh 脚本内容
#!/bin/bash
user_name=seekplum
user_group=staff
packages_name=mysql-5.7.22-macos10.13-x86_64
packages_dir=/Users/$user_name/packages
source_mysql_dir=$packages_dir/$packages_name
link_mysql_dir=$packages_dir/mysql
mysql_data=$packages_dir/mysql/data
new_mysql_server=$packages_dir/mysql.server
logs=/tmp/summary.log
# ulimit -SHn 300000
rm -f $logs
touch $logs
# 检查安装包是否存在
# if [ ! -f "${source_mysql_dir}.tar.gz" -a ! -f "${source_mysql_dir}.tar" ];then
# echo "未发现二进制安装包${source_mysql_dir}.tar.gz 或 ${source_mysql_dir}.tar,脚本退出！！" |tee -a $logs
# exit 1
# fi
# 检查安装目录是否存在
if [ ! -d "$source_mysql_dir" ];then
echo "未发现安装包${source_mysql_dir}，脚本退出！！" |tee -a $logs
exit 1
fi
# 检查mysql.server是否存在
if [ ! -f "$new_mysql_server" ];then
echo "未发现二进制${new_mysql_server}，脚本退出！！" |tee -a $logs
exit 1
fi
# 安装MySQL
install_mysql() {
# kill mysql进程
pkill -9 mysql
pkill -9 mysqld
pkill -9 mysqld_safe
# 对之前的mysql进行解链
if [ -L $link_mysql_dir ];then
unlink $link_mysql_dir
fi
# echo 如果mysql目录不是一个链接,而是一个目录,则先进行备份,然后再删除
# [ -d $link_mysql_dir ] && cp -ar $link_mysql_dir $link_mysql_dir.bak_`date +%F_%H_%M_%S`
# 删除旧的mysql
rm -rf $link_mysql_dir
ln -s $source_mysql_dir $link_mysql_dir
# 创建相关目录
rm -rf $mysql_data/*
mkdir -p $mysql_data/{innodb_log,innodb_ts,log,mydata,relaylog,slowlog,sock,tmpdir,undo,conf}
touch $mysql_data/log/error.log
echo -e "create mysql error.log"
# mysql.server 会和conf配置有关，需要手动修改
scp $new_mysql_server $source_mysql_dir/support-files/
# 设置开机自启动
# rm -f /etc/init.d/mysql
# cp $link_mysql_dir/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
# chkconfig --add mysql
# chkconfig --level 2345 mysql on
# echo -e "set mysql autostart"
# 设置mysql动态连接 |tee -a $logs
# echo $link_mysql_dir/lib > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
# ldconfig
# 生成配置文件 |tee -a $logs
# 查询内存大小
# let "_buffer_pool_size=$(free -g |grep Mem |awk '{print $2}') * 1000 / 100 * 40"
let "_buffer_pool_size=16 * 1000 / 100 * 40"
let "_buffer_pool_size=($_buffer_pool_size / 128 + 1)*128"
# echo -e "set mysql _buffer_pool_size" |tee -a $logs
# 截取ip的最后一位
last=`ifconfig | grep -v "127.0.0.1" | awk '/inet /{print $2}'| head -1 | awk -F. '{print $NF}'` # 注意端口号
let "serverid=${last}+3306"
cat > $mysql_data/conf/my.cnf << EOF
[client]
loose_default-character-set = utf8
port = 3306
socket = $mysql_data/sock/mysql.sock
user = admin
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 2G
default-character-set = utf8
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
show-warnings
prompt = "\\u@\\h : \\d \\r:\\m:\\s> "
default-character-set = utf8
[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 512M
sort_buffer_size = 512M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
user = mysql
open-files-limit = 65535
[mysqld]
default-storage-engine = INNODB
character-set-server = utf8
collation_server = utf8_bin
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
user = ${user_name}
port = 3306
socket = $mysql_data/sock/mysql.sock
pid-file = $mysql_data/mydata/mysql.pid
datadir = $mysql_data/mydata
basedir = $packages_dir/mysql
tmpdir = $mysql_data/tmpdir
skip-name-resolve
skip_external_locking
lower_case_table_names = 1
event_scheduler = 0
back_log = 512
default-time-zone = '+8:00'
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 99999
max_allowed_packet = 64M
slave_pending_jobs_size_max = 128M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
max_length_for_sort_data = 16k
wait_timeout = 172800
interactive_timeout = 172800
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 2M
table_open_cache = 4096
table_open_cache_instances = 2
table_definition_cache = 4096
thread_cache_size = 512
tmp_table_size = 8M
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = OFF
max_prepared_stmt_count = 163820
secure_file_priv = null
innodb_open_files = 65535
log-error = $mysql_data/log/error.log
log-bin = mysql-bin
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log
slow_query_log_file = $mysql_data/slowlog/slow-query.log
log_warnings
log_slow_slave_statements
server_id = ${serverid}
binlog-checksum = CRC32
binlog-rows-query-log-events = 1
binlog_max_flush_queue_time = 1000
max_binlog_size = 512M
sync_binlog = 1
master-verify-checksum = 1
master-info-repository = TABLE
auto_increment_increment = 2
relay-log = $mysql_data/relaylog/relay_bin
relay-log-info-repository = TABLE
relay-log-recovery = 1
slave-sql-verify-checksum = 1
log_slave_updates = 1
slave-net-timeout = 10
key_buffer_size = 8M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover_options = force
innodb_data_home_dir = $mysql_data/innodb_ts
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2G:autoextend
innodb_file_per_table
innodb_file_format = barracuda
innodb_file_format_max = barracuda
innodb_file_format_check = ON
innodb_strict_mode = 1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_checksum_algorithm = crc32
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2
innodb_buffer_pool_size = ${_buffer_pool_size}M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_adaptive_flushing = ON
innodb_flush_neighbors = 0
innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4096
innodb_change_buffering = all
innodb_old_blocks_time = 1000
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 50
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = ON
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = ON
innodb_adaptive_hash_index_parts = 32
innodb_log_group_home_dir = $mysql_data/innodb_log
innodb_log_buffer_size = 128M
innodb_log_file_size = 2G
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
innodb_support_xa = ON
innodb_thread_concurrency = 64
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1
performance_schema = on
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 16
innodb_io_capacity = 20000
innodb_use_native_aio = 1
innodb_undo_directory = $mysql_data/undo
innodb_purge_threads = 4
innodb_purge_batch_size = 512
innodb_max_purge_lag = 65536
innodb_undo_tablespaces = 8 # cannot modify
innodb_undo_log_truncate = ON # 5.7 only
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G # 5.7 only
gtid-mode = on # GTID only
enforce-gtid-consistency = true # GTID only
optimizer_switch = 'mrr=on,mrr_cost_based=off,batched_key_access=on'
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = ON
slave_preserve_commit_order = ON
slave_parallel_workers = 8
slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
binlog-format = ROW
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
expire_logs_days = 15
innodb_page_cleaners = 4
auto_increment_offset=1
EOF
# echo 对配置文件做软链 |tee -a $logs
# unlink /etc/my.cnf &> /dev/null
# [ $? -ne 0 ] && rm -f /etc/my.cnf
# ln -s $mysql_data/conf/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# 修改文件夹权限为我们创建的MySQL用户 |tee -a $logs
# chown -R ${user_name}:$user_group $link_mysql_dir
chmod -R 755 $link_mysql_dir
# 创建用户
# $link_mysql_dir/bin/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=$mysql_data/conf/my.cnf --basedir=$link_mysql_dir --datadir=$mysql_data/mydata --user=mysql
echo ====== init mysql...
# $link_mysql_dir/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=$mysql_data/conf/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --basedir=$link_mysql_dir --datadir=$mysql_data/mydata --user=mysql
$link_mysql_dir/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=$mysql_data/conf/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
$link_mysql_dir/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --defaults-file=$mysql_data/conf/my.cnf
# $link_mysql_dir/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$mysql_data/conf/my.cnf --user=mysql
# 拷贝二进制文件
# cp $packages_dir/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin/
}
install_mysql
echo | tee -a $logs
if [ "$SECONDS" -ge 60 ];then
let "runtimes=${SECONDS}/60"
echo -e "install_time consuming:${runtimes}min" |tee -a $logs
echo "==============================================================`date`" |tee -a $logs
else
runtimes=${SECONDS}
echo -e "install_time consuming:${runtimes}s" |tee -a $logs
echo "==============================================================`date`" |tee -a $logs
fi
安装
- 安装前准备目录如下
tree ~/packages -L 1
/Users/seekplum/packages
├── install_mysql.sh
├── mysql-5.7.22-macos10.13-x86_64
└── mysql.server
- 执行安装操作
bash install_mysql.sh
解决连接报错
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root’@’localhost’ (using password: NO)
1.首先在设置中关闭 mysql 服务
/Users/seekplum/packages/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
ps axu | grep mysql | grep -v "grep" | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
2.进入安全模式
/Users/seekplum/packages/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/Users/seekplum/packages/mysql/data/conf/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables &
3.进入 mysql,执行以下命令
root 连接时无密码
/Users/seekplum/packages/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -S /Users/seekplum/packages/mysql/data/sock/mysql.sock
设置新密码
update mysql.user set authentication_string=PASSWORD('root') where user='root';
flush privileges;
quit
4.关闭第二步起的 mysql
ps axu | grep mysql | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
5.重启服务后重置密码
/Users/seekplum/packages/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
/Users/seekplum/packages/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -proot -S /Users/seekplum/packages/mysql/data/sock/mysql.sock
重置密码
set password = password('root');
